Using one or more research studies, explain cross-cultural differences in prosocial behavior
Sociocultural factors in prosocial behavior
- Cultural norms, socialization practices in the family, and socioeconomic status are factors that influence how and when prosocial (or altruistic) behavior is exhibited. Children learn cultural norms and practices from important others through observation and through reinforcement.
- Cultural dimensions such as individualism and collectivism seem to influence the degree to which prosocial behavior is encouraged in children.
- Collectivist cultures value helping family members, for example when it is essential for the family’s subsistence. In such cultures children exhibit higher levels of prosocial tendencies. In individualist cultures that value personal success and competitiveness, child-rearing practices encourage competitiveness and pursuit of personal achievement because this will enhance the child’s likelihood of future social success.
Studies to use: Whiting and Whiting (1975) and/or Miller et al. (1990)
